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Member-Recommended Service Providers

This section of the NVCA website is designed to help members and other individuals identify some of the many service providers that venture firms work with on a regular basis. All of the firms listed in this section were recommended by current NVCA members and paid a fee to be included in this section of the Directory. It is not a complete listing of all the firms that work with our members and the listings should not be viewed as an endorsement of their services by the NVCA. We encourage all members to conduct their own due diligence before entering into any contractual agreements.

Accounting & Professional Services Firms
BDO Seidman LLP
Deloitte & Touche USA LLP
Grant Thornton
KPMG LLP
Venture Back Office, Inc.

Background Checks/Investigations
Corporate Resolutions

Business Advisory and Consulting Firm
Sherwood Partners, LLC

Business Valuations
Quist Valuations

Financial Information Services
Dow Jones & Company
Thomson Financial

Financial Services Organizations
Comerica Bank – Technology & Life Sciences Division
Oxford Finance Corporation
SVB Financial Group

Human Resources/Recruiting
ADP TotalSource
ChampionScott Partners
Gevity HR
Pinnacle Group International
Premier Staffing Inc.
Solutus Legal Search
TriNet

Insurance Brokers
Tech Assure Association

Investment Banking Firms
Houlihan Lokey

Law Firms
Andrews & Kurth LLP
Burns & Levinson LLP
Cooley Godward Kronish LLP
Covington & Burling LLP
DLA Piper US LLP
Edwards Angell Palmer & Dodge LLP
Foley Hoag LLP
Goodwin Procter LLP
Greenberg Traurig, LLP
Heller Ehrman / Venture Law Group
Kirkland & Ellis LLP
Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis LLP
Manatt, Phelps & Phillips LLP
Montgomery & Hansen LLP
Morrison & Foerster, LLP
Proskauer Rose LLP
Sonnenschein Venture Technology Group
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP

Philanthropic Services
Fidelity Charitable Gift Fund

Public Relations Organizations
The Weiser Group

Stock Exchange
NASDAQ Stock Market

Technology / Software
AnalytX
IntraLinks, Inc.

Transportation
BostonCoach


ACCOUNTING & PROFESSIONAL SERVICES FIRMS

BDO Seidman LLP
50 W. San Fernando Street, Suite 200
San Jose, CA 95113
Phone: 408-278-0220
Fax: 408-278-0230
www.bdo.com

Additional Locations:
BDO Seidman serves clients through 35 offices and more than 300 independent alliance firm locations nationwide. As a Member Firm of BDO International, BDO Seidman, LLP serves multi-national clients by leveraging a global network of resources comprised of 621 Member Firm offices in 107 countries. BDO International is a worldwide network of public accounting firms, called BDO Member Firms, serving international clients. Each BDO Member Firm is an independent legal entity in its own country.

Contacts:
Daniel Hunter
Robert Strasser

For almost 100 years, BDO Seidman has focused on the needs of growing companies offering industry experience, a comprehensive suite of services, and a hands-on, proactive service delivery style. As the U.S. Member Firm of BDO International, the world’s fifth largest accounting and consulting network, BDO Seidman offers our clients extensive global coverage to help address accounting, tax, consulting and financial and risk advisory needs.

In the Bay Area, Silicon Valley and across the country our professionals work with emerging companies, including those in the software, technology, manufacturing and life science spheres. BDO Seidman understands the unique needs of portfolio companies and their investors. Our clients include major venture capital and private equity fund families, along with many of their portfolio companies. We also have experience assisting leading national investment management firms with their due diligence needs.

We have helped many companies with their exit strategies whether through M&A activity or initial public offering (IPO). Over the past two years, BDO Seidman, LLP participated in 62 public and private offerings. Twenty-six of these offerings were IPOs of which the total proceeds were over $3 billion.

In addition to assurance, IPO, SEC compliance, and M&A due diligence services, BDO Seidman provides a full suite of tax compliance and consulting services which include: R&D tax credits, state and local tax, corporate tax accounting assistance, international tax, expatriate tax, transfer pricing, compensation and benefits consulting, sales and use tax and site selection and incentives consulting. Our BDO Consulting practice also provides litigation, investigation, risk advisory and restructuring services.

For more information, please visit us at www.bdo.com.


Deloitte & Touche USA LLP
225 West Santa Clara Street, Suite 600
San Jose, CA 95113-1728
Phone: 408-704-4000
Fax: 408-704-3083
www.deloitte.com

Additional Locations:
The member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu and their affiliates have offices in the United States and throughout the world.

Contacts:
Mark E. Jensen

Venture-backed and growth-oriented companies are the next generation of market leaders. Based on years of experience, our Venture Capital Services Group has developed a broad spectrum of value-added services to help innovative, early stage businesses.

With our complement of skilled professionals, we are able to help our clients meet their business challenges and create value in the most dynamic markets. We can provide end-to-end services that combine our accounting, tax, human capital, financial advisory, and information technology specializations to help growth companies optimize performance, manage and strategize on key issues, and prepare for liquidity events. For our audit clients, we provide quality audit and initial public offering services, and through the Deloitte U.S. Firms, we have access to resources that can provide tax and other services, as permitted under the auditor independence rules of the profession and PCAOB and SEC regulations.

Our offerings include programs to enhance top level executives’ effectiveness. Programs include development workshops geared towards the CFO and finance team which educate our clients on topics such as Audit Readiness, Revenue Recognition, and Equity Transactions. We also offer business focused workshops such as Going Public, Optimizing Board Effectiveness, Building a Compelling Fundraising Story, and Sales Traction. We offer online tools and templates designed to assist the CFO and executive team.

To learn more contact us at vcservices@deloitte.com.

In the U.S., Deloitte & Touche USA LLP is the member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, and services are provided by the subsidiaries of Deloitte & Touche USA LLP (Deloitte & Touche LLP, Deloitte Consulting LLP, Deloitte Financial Advisory Services LLP, Deloitte Tax LLP and their subsidiaries) and not by Deloitte & Touche USA LLP. The subsidiaries of the U.S. member firm are among the nation’s leading professional services firms, providing audit, tax, consulting, and financial advisory services through nearly 30,000 people in more than 80 cities. Known as employers of choice for innovative human resources programs, they are dedicated to helping their clients and their people excel. For more information, visit www.deloitte.com/us.


Grant Thornton LLP
1900 M Street NW, Suite 300
Washington, DC 20036
Phone: 202-861-4150
Fax: 202-833-9165
www.GrantThornton.com

Additional Locations:
Grant Thornton International has member firms in 112 countries, with over 500 offices worldwide, including 50 offices in the U.S.

Contacts:
Barbara Cosgriff
Cal Hackman

Grant Thornton LLP is the U.S. member firm of Grant Thornton International, one of the six global accounting, tax and business advisory organizations. Through member firms in 112 countries, including 50 offices in the United States, the partners of Grant Thornton member firms provide personalized attention and the highest quality service to public and private clients around the globe.

Grant Thornton's Technology Industry Practice offers a full range of services to venture-backed, high-growth and industry-leading private and public technology companies. Having served venture-backed technology clients for more than 80 years, Grant Thornton understands the issues that venture capital firms and their portfolio companies face every day. At the same time, we help technology companies involved in merger and acquisition activities, going public and meeting the challenges of being an SEC registrant. Grant Thornton clients benefit from the depth of resources of an international accounting and business advisory firm while having access to industry-specific technical expertise, partner-level attention, and the business advice they need to grow and achieve their goals.

Our services for technology companies include:

  • Assurance services
  • Federal, state and local tax compliance
  • Merger and acquisition services
  • Financial reporting
  • Corporate structuring and tax planning
  • Information technology and business processes
  • Compensation and employee benefits services
  • Capital formation services
  • Management advisory services
  • International services
  • Exit strategies

Grant Thornton is proud to be the exclusive accounting firm corporate sponsor of the Kauffman Fellows Program, a premier educational organization for emerging venture capital leaders. Through this sponsorship, Grant Thornton participates in the enhancement and development of the program’s curriculum and provides insight from Grant Thornton partners on financial and consulting topics. Additionally, our professionals take part in the process of selecting future Kauffman Fellows, helping to review applications and interview the finalists.


KPMG LLP
500 Middlefield Rd.
Mountain View, CA 94043
Phone: 650-404-5000
Fax: 650-960-0566
www.us.kpmg.com

Additional Locations:
KPMG has over 90 offices in cities across the United States.

Contacts:
Packy Kelly
Brian Hughes

KPMG's Venture Capital Practice offers a range of services specifically designed to help ventured-backed companies navigate each stage of development from inception to market leader. Our services are delivered by seasoned professionals who are experienced and dedicated to assisting clients through the myriad challenges faced in founding and growing a new venture.
KPMG has developed service suites that are aligned with the interrelated needs of growing companies on their journey to leadership. Each of these service suites draws upon KPMG's knowledge, experience, networks, and commitment to quality and can help deliver significant benefits to growth companies. The Venture Capital Practice includes a large network of professionals who can deliver relevant sector experience to your venture. Our professionals have experience with new and established companies in the following sectors:

  • Communications
  • Electronics
  • Internet
  • Life sciences
  • Media & Entertainment
  • Semiconductors
  • Software & Services
  • Venture Capital Funds
  • Cleantech

KPMG is a global network of professional firms providing Audit, Tax, and Advisory services. We operate in 148 countries and have 113,000 people working in member firms around the world. The independent member firms of the KPMG network are affiliated with KPMG International, a Swiss cooperative.


Venture Back Office, Inc.
2525 Meridian Parkway, Suite 225
Durham, NC 27713
Phone: 919-595-8108
Fax: 919-287-2545
www.venturebackoffice.com

Contacts:
Mike Gorman
Colleen Suite

Venture Back Office provides comprehensive back office solutions to small and medium-sized firms. Funding Partners and Investment Professionals are under-utilized when they spend time performing back office tasks. Whether you are starting a firm, have one from which you are currently investing or have one that is winding down, Venture Back Office can tailor their services to meet your needs. Customized services include:

Fund formation

PPM preparation and review
PPM distribution
Due diligence material preparation
Due diligence distribution
Structure consultation
Development of internal controls
Investor presentations
Strategic planning
Developing valuation guidelines

Management company management

Budgeting
Cash management
Development of internal controls
Financial reporting
Tax reporting
Payroll administration
Benefit administration
Carried interest administration
Website administration
Electronic reporting
Answering service
Team building
Strategic planning
Newsletters

Fund management

Initial closings
Document retention
Capital calls
Fundings
Cash flow modeling
Dashboards
Financial reporting
Partner management
Audit/Tax management
Surveys
Annual/Advisory Board meetings
Fund wind-down
Compliance evaluation guidelines

Portfolio company support

Workouts
Company formations
Company wind-downs and dissolutions
Board support
Bookkeeping
Information systems
Portfolio company data collection
Portfolio company surveys

 


BACKGROUND CHECKS / INVESTIGATIONS

Corporate Resolutions Inc.
111 Broadway, Suite 1206
New York, NY 10006
Phone: 212-691-3800
Fax: 212-691-7635
www.corporateresolutions.com

Additional Locations:
Boston, MA; London, England

Contacts:
Ken Springer
Don Klaskin

Corporate Resolutions Inc. conducts background checks and investigations in the Americas, Europe, and Asia for 75 private equity firms, funds of funds, lenders, hedge funds and others. We also conduct corporate governance related fact finding and corporate investigations relating to portfolio companies.

Typical Findings include:

  • Non disclosed business interests/directorships
  • Suing former employers/lenders
  • Being sued for mismanagement, fraud, breach of contract or sexual harassment
  • Criminal records/ adverse regulatory histories
  • Controversial media attention/reputation issues
  • Resume fraud/ puffing of accomplishments
  • Liens / judgments/ bankruptcies
  • Troublesome patterns of law suits
  • Competitive Advantages:
    • Established network of international investigators & intelligence sources
    • Ability to conduct inquiries well beyond gathering of public records to resolve issues and discrepancies
    • In-house investigative staff to conduct internal investigations at portfolio companies
    • Independent & privately held 15 year old firm
    • New - 24/7 Ethics Hotline - A vehicle for portfolio company employees to anonymously report fraud or unethical behavior

Corporate Resolutions Inc, now in our 16th year, is headquartered in New York City, with additional offices in Boston and London, is comprised of former FBI Agents, white collar investigators, and intelligence analysts, is complemented by a network of 3,000+ investigators & public record specialists -both nationally and internationally, to include computer forensic and money laundering experts, as well as forensic accountants and others. For additional information, our website is www.corporateresolutions.com.


BUSINESS ADVISORY AND CONSULTING FIRMS

Sherwood Partners, LLC
1100 La Avenida Street
Mountain View, CA 94043
T : 650-454-8001
F: 650-938-0980
www.shrwood.com

Additional Locations:
Los Angeles, CA, New York, NY

Contacts:
Martin D. Pichinson
Michael A. Maidy

Since 1992 Sherwood Partners, LLC has been called upon by shareholders, stakeholders and senior executives when hard decisions had to be made. Many of the premier venture capital, Wall Street,financial and legal institutions engage Sherwood to assist in the decision making process. We introduce proven financial and operational practices that make a difference. As one of the premier business advisory and consulting firms Sherwood leverages its deep roots and relationships in the restructuring and turnaround business to assist investors in preventing what can go wrong in their portfolio.

Sherwood’s seasoned business team develops and provides more than a report – we go above and beyond traditional tactics to help make decisions and implement plans that achieve exceptional results.

Sherwood specializes in the areas of:

Corporate restructuring
Crisis management
Wellness Review™
Forensic accounting
Due diligence
IP monetization
Asset & managed liquidations
Bankruptcy advisory services
Assignments for the Benefit of Creditors (ABC)


BUSINESS VALUATIONS

Quist Valuations
10901 W 120th Ave, Suite 350
Bromfield, CO 80021
Phone: 303-494-1664
Fax: 303-494-1665
www.quistvaluation.com

Additional Locations:
San Francisco, CA; Seattle, WA

Contacts:
Matthew Brett Suchor
Thomas Miller

Quist Valuation is dedicated to solving complex valuation problems for emerging growth companies. By focusing solely on business valuation services, Quist Valuation offers a wealth of expertise, experience and above all a valuation service that is truly independent. Quist Valuation is void of conflicts of interest and sets the standard for efficiently and effectively providing valuation solutions.

Today, venture-backed companies face a variety of valuation reporting challenges due to expanding regulatory, tax and accounting requirements. Quist Valuation, founded in 1984, understands the valuation issues that impact emerging companies, the most recent of which are FAS 157, FAS 123R and IRC 409A. With a sophisticated approach and a staff of tenured valuation experts, Quist Valuation’s reports have consistently withstood the toughest scrutiny from auditors, boards, the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Internal Revenue Service. Quist Valuation has testified in U.S. Tax Court, defended issues in front of the SEC and most importantly understands the scrutiny facing emerging companies and the venture groups that fund them.

For over two decades, venture capital groups have engaged Quist Valuation to solve valuation issues inherent to companies that have complex capital structures. Whether companies need to price equity compensation, assess the fairness of a transaction, spin off intellectual property, or comply with financial reporting requirements, Quist Valuation has the experience and expertise to efficiently deliver solutions. Additional information for our firm and service offerings is available at www.quistvaluation.com.


FINANCIAL INFORMATION SERVICES

Dow Jones & Company
201 California St., 10th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111
Phone: 415-439-6640
www.fis.dowjones.com

Additional Locations:
New York, NY

Contacts:
Robert Hughes
Jailan Griffiths

Through its Financial Information Services group, Dow Jones produces focused, sector-specific online databases, newsletters and industry events for the private equity, venture capital and diversified markets. Newsletters published include Private Equity Analyst, VentureWire and Daily Bankruptcy Review. In addition, Dow Jones & Company (NYSE: DJ; www.dowjones.com) is a leading provider of global business news and information services. Its Consumer Media Group publishes the Wall Street Journal, Barron's, MarketWatch, and the Far Eastern Economic Review. Its Enterprise Media Group includes Dow Jones Newswires, Factiva, Dow Jones Licensing Services, Dow Jones Indexes and Dow Jones Financial Information Services. Its Local Media Group operates community-based information franchises. Dow Jones provides news content to CNBC and radio stations in the U.S.


Thomson Financial
Thomson Financial
195 Broadway
New York, NY 10007
646.822.2000
www.thomson.com

Additional Offices:
Boston, MA; Chicago, IL; Rockville, MD; San Francisco, CA. Thomson Financial also has offices around the globe.

Contacts:
Bill Moore
Rebecca Shapiro

Thomson Financial, with 2006 revenues of US$2 billion, is a provider of information and technology solutions to the worldwide financial community. Through the widest range of products and services in the industry, Thomson Financial helps clients in more than 70 countries make better decisions, be more productive and achieve superior results. Thomson Financial is part of The Thomson Corporation (www.thomson.com), a global leader in providing essential electronic workflow solutions to business and professional customers. With operational headquarters in Stamford, Conn., Thomson provides value-added information, software tools and applications to professionals in the fields of law, tax, accounting, financial services, scientific research and healthcare. The Corporation’s common shares are listed on the New York and Toronto stock exchanges (NYSE: TOC; TSX: TOC).

Thomson Financial’s Private Equity and Venture Capital solutions provide:

  • Access to venture capital, buyouts and performance content globally covering investments, commitments, portfolio companies, firms, limited partners and more.
  • The only private equity database with in-depth coverage dating back to 1969, and
    containing both investment data as well as fund performance data.
  • Deep analytical data and precise industry classifications.

FINANCIAL SERVICES ORGANIZATIONS

Comerica Bank - Technology & Life Sciences Division
5 Palo Alto Square, Ste. 800
Palo Alto, CA 94306
Phone: 650-213-1700
Fax: 650-213-1710
www.comerica.com

Additional Locations:
Offices across the United States

Contacts:
Sunita Patel
Greg Belanger

Comerica’s Technology and Life Sciences Division is one of the nation’s leading technology banking practices, offering a wide range of financial services tailored to corporate customers, entrepreneurs and professionals. Veteran bankers provide credit and financial services and products to young, growing, professionally backed technology and life sciences companies, as well as their more mature counterparts. The Technology and Life Sciences Division serves all major U.S. technology centers from offices coast-to-coast. Comerica is among the 20 largest banking companies in the nation, with $58 billion in assets as of March 31, 2007.


Oxford Finance Corporation
133 N. Fairfax Street
Alexandria, VA 22314
Phone: 703-519-4900
Fax: 703-519-4910
www.oxfordfinance.com

Additional Locations:
Boston, MA; San Diego, CA

Contacts:
Shelly Davis

Oxford Finance Corporation, a subsidiary of Sumitomo Corporation, is a specialty finance firm providing senior secured loans to public and private life science companies worldwide. For nearly 20 years, Oxford has delivered flexible financing solutions to its clients, enabling them to maximize their equity by leveraging their assets. In recent years, Oxford has originated over $600 million in loans, with lines of credit ranging from $100 thousand to $20 million. Oxford is headquartered in Alexandria, Virginia, with additional offices in California and Massachusetts.


SVB Financial Group
3005 Tasman Drive
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: 408-654-7400
www.svb.com

Additional Locations:
Headquartered in Santa Clara with 27 U.S. offices and three international subsiaries in Bangalore, India; Shanhai, China; and London, England.

Contacts:
Mike Franks
Doug Hamilton

For 25 years, SVB Financial Group (Nasdaq: SIVB), the parent company of SVB Silicon Valley Bank, has been dedicated to helping entrepreneurs succeed. SVB Financial Group is a financial holding company that serves emerging growth and mature companies in the technology, life science, private equity and premium wine industries. Offering diversified financial services through SVB Silicon Valley Bank, SVB Analytics, SVB Capital, SVB Global and SVB Private Client Services, SVB Financial Group provides clients with commercial, investment, international and private banking services. The company also offers funds management, broker-dealer transactions, asset management and a full range of services for private equity companies, as well as the added value of its knowledge and networks worldwide.

SVB Silicon Valley Bank provides commercial banking services to emerging growth and mature companies. Through its focus on specialized markets and its extensive knowledge of the people and business issues driving them, it provides a level of service and partnership that measurably impacts its clients’ success. SVB Silicon Valley Bank also provides traditional banking products and customized lending solutions to more than 600 venture capital and private equity clients worldwide.

SVB Analytics provides analytical and administrative services to the company’s core constituencies of private, venture capital-backed companies and venture capital firms. Its offerings include fair market company valuations and corporate equity tracking and administration services.

SVB Capital is the company’s private equity arm. SVB Capital Partners invests in private equity funds as well as directly into portfolio companies on behalf of both SVB Financial Group and third-party investors. The SVB Capital family of funds exceeds $1.0 billion and includes fund of funds, co-investment funds, venture debt funds and special situation debt funds invested predominantly on behalf of endowments and foundations. SVB Capital also provides portfolio companies with introductions to sources of venture financing.

Since the early 1990s, SVB Global has been calling on international markets and building relationships with technology companies, entrepreneurs, venture capitalists and service providers worldwide. It helps technology companies and private equity firms navigate foreign markets and identify opportunities in China, India, Israel and Europe.

SVB Private Client Services provides personal financing solutions to entrepreneurs, investors and senior executives in the technology, life science, private equity and premium wine industries. Using a variety of innovative and flexible loan structures, SVB Private Client Services’ private bankers help clients reduce financial complexity and unlock the liquidity in their personal balance sheets, thus increasing opportunities for wealth creation.

More information on the company can be found at www.svb.com.


HUMAN RESOURCES/RECRUITING

ADP TotalSource
10200 Sunset Drive
Miami, FL 33173
1-800-HIRE-ADP (800-447-3237)
www.adptotalsource.com

Additional Locations:
Milford, CT; Salem, NH; Waltham, MA; Parsippany, NJ; Dayton, NJ; King of Prussia, PA; New York City, NY; Melville, NY; Brooklyn, NY; Ft. Lauderdale, FL; Maitland, FL; Sarasota, FL; Tampa, FL; West Palm Beach, FL; Jacksonville, FL; Ft. Myers, FL; Alpharetta, GA; Charlotte, NC; Raleigh, NC; Greensboro, NC; Austin, TX; Dallas, TX; Houston, TX; San Antonio, TX; Chandler, AZ; Aurora, CO; Salt Lake City, UT; Cerritos, CA; Buena Park, CA; Los Angeles, CA; Rancho Cucamonga, CA; Woodland Hills, CA; San Diego, CA; Pleasanton, CA; Santa Clara, CA; San Francisco, CA; Sacramento, CA; Long Beach, CA; South San Francisco, CA; St. Louis, MO; Lenexa, KS; Novi, MI; Dearborn, MI; Cleveland, OH; Elk Grove Village, IL; Chicago, IL; Downers Grove, IL; Milwaukee, WI.

Contacts:
Carolyn Taylor, Director of Strategic Alliances
Kathryn Becker, Director of Marketing Communications

ADP TotalSource was in the forefront of the PEO industry evolution during the 1980s. From the company’s early role as an industry pioneer, it has emerged as an industry leader, the largest PEO and the premier provider of integrated PEO solutions. Our integrated PEO services have enabled small and medium sized ventured-back companies to better deal with the costs, complexities and administrative burdens of human resources management.

Stability

We set the standard for experience, integrity and financial strength. Our management team includes experienced HR professionals with backgrounds in employee relations, benefits, risk management, regulatory compliance and related areas. Out of hundreds of PEOs, we are one among a handful to be members of the Employer Services Assurance Corporation (ESAC), the industry’s custodian of ethical business practices. In addition, ADP has the distinction of being one of a few companies with the prestigious AAA credit rating from Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s.

Services

We provide businesses with a comprehensive HR package, which includes HR compliance expertise, risk management services, recruitment and selection support, access to competitive employee benefits, payroll and tax administration, employee training and professional development. We know that many business owners prefer to focus their time on revenue-producing activities rather than time-consuming administrative tasks; therefore, our goal is to reduce their administrative burdens.

Our clients have access to experts from across the HR spectrum who can help them navigate through all of their HR issues, whether it is a legal, regulatory or employee issue.

Technology

We deliver a sophisticated Web-based HRMS, called My TotalSource. It is a suite of leading edge online HR management applications and tools. Business owners can handle and manage their HR administration, payroll, benefits and reporting needs with the touch of a button. It’s simple, secure, powerful, allows for employee self service, and is designed to save business owners time, resources and paperwork headaches.


ChampionScott Partners
60 State Street, 38th Floor
Boston, MA 02109
Phone: 617-367-0444
Fax: 617-367-2967
www.championscott.com

Additional Locations:
Beijing; Boston; Geneva; London; Silicon Valley; Washington, DC.

Contacts:
Geoff Champion
Tony Scott

ChampionScott Partners is the world’s premier retained executive search firm focused on the technology industry and related sectors supported by private investors and the public markets. We have an unparalleled depth of functional and industry expertise as well as breadth of geographical reach. ChampionScott Partners is a trusted search partner to influential leaders and companies throughout the world.

We deliver the personalized focus of a boutique firm combined with the research, resources and global reach of a large international firm through our offices in the United States, Europe and Asia.

ChampionScott Partners recruits CEOs, their direct reports, and Board Directors for companies ranging from start-ups to the Global 500 in the key technology centers of the world. We provide partner-level knowledge and judgment gained through decades of experience in the technology, private equity and venture capital marketplace.


Gevity
9000 Town Center Parkway
Bradenton, FL 34202
941-744-3158
www.gevity.com

Additional Locations:
Atlanta, GA; Austin, TX; Baltimore, MD; Birmingham, AL; Boca Raton, FL /Palm Beach, FL; Bonita Springs, FL; Charlotte, NC; Chicago, IL; Colorado Springs, CO; Columbus, GA; Concord, CA; Dallas, TX; Denver, CO; Edison, NJ; Gainesville, FL; Houston, TX; Inland Empire, CA; Irvine, CA; Jacksonville, FL; Knoxville, TN; Lakeland, FL; Long Island, NY; Los Angeles, CA; Manasota, FL; Manhattan, NY; Melbourne, FL; Miami, FL; Minneapolis, MN; Nashville, TN; Ocala, FL; Orlando, FL; Pensacola, FL; Phoenix, AZ; Pt. Charlotte, FL; San Antonio, TX; San Diego, CA; San Francisco, CA; Savannah, GA; Silicon Valley, CA; Tallahassee, FL; Tampa, FL /St. Petersburg, FL; White Plains, NY.

Contacts:
Cathleen Dennett
Dan Shirra

Thousands of small and mid-sized businesses nationwide leverage the flexibility and scalability of Gevity’s human resources (HR) solution to help them maximize the return on investment in their people. Essentially, Gevity (NASDAQ: GVHR) serves as the full-service HR department for these businesses, providing each employee with support previously only available at much larger companies.

Gevity delivers the Gevity Edge™, a comprehensive solution comprised of innovative management and administration services, helping employers to streamline HR administration, optimize HR practices, and maximize people and performance. This solution enables both businesses and their employees to achieve their full potential, giving them an edge over competitors.

Gevity’s unique approach features Gevity OnSite™, experienced HR Consultants based in local markets backed by nationwide resources and easy-to-use technology, including Gevity OnLine™ and Gevity OnCall™.

Our solution is unique.
We use the power of our local and national resources to deliver what you want, when and how you want it.

Our people are the best in the industry.
With more than 170 Human Resource Consultants in more than 40 field offices throughout the country — backed by our Centers of Expertise in the areas of insurance and benefits, payroll, compliance, compensation and rewards and employee relations

Our technology is leading edge.
As a Gevity client, you will have access to powerful web-based tools — including payroll process, online employee data maintenance and in-depth reporting.

Our experience is solid.
In the past year, we've processed:

  • Nearly a quarter million W-2s
  • Over $4 billion in client payrolls
  • Over 4 million paychecks
  • Over 800,000 client web transactions
  • Over 8 million interactive and concurrent client reports
  • Nearly 4 million service center calls

We want to be your HR partner.


Pinnacle Group International
130 Water Street, 12th Floor
New York, NY 10005
Phone: 480-488-4490
Fax: 480-488-5009
www.pinnaclegroup.com

Additional Locations:
Phoenix, AZ; San Francisco, CA; Chicago, IL

Contacts:
Denise Palmieri
Joseph Logan

Executive recruiting is not a personnel business, it is a personal one.
We have been using our unique, targeted approach to help our clients build their professional investment teams since 1988. We recruit at all levels, from Analyst to General Partner, always on a contingency, success-fee basis.

We are a people business.
The role of an executive recruiter is a personal one. It requires a deep understanding of the candidate pool and the client firm. This knowledge comes from experience, insight, commitment, and a deep appreciation of the people and the businesses. These intangible characteristics set Pinnacle Group apart, like the seasoning of a gourmet meal or the aging of a fine wine, subtle differences that separate good from great. Having intelligent, reliable, seasoned professionals who commit the time to know the nuances of people, positions and companies is what makes the difference between just a placement and a really successful melding into a smoothly operating team.

It starts with our connection to our clients, getting to know the culture of the firm and the specific expectations of each position. It is also knowing that candidates are not just interchangeable cogs in a wheel - moving from one firm to another by whim. Connecting people together with opportunities means knowing the underlying objectives and the spoken ones. It means capturing the essence of what makes each team work smoothly, seamlessly.

We partner with our clients. Their vision becomes our own.
Our network of clients and candidates is deep and well developed. It is not enough in this role to simply sift through incoming resumes to see who might be "good enough" for a position. We engage our contacts to identify people who have the perfect skill sets, experiences and personalities to exceed the expectations of our clients.

Those intangible qualities and the depth of each candidate come through in our exceptional relationships and thorough screening and interviews of our candidates to ensure that our clients and our candidates are meeting the right people to advance their businesses and careers. Synchronizing the candidate's objectives with the client's direction makes for a smooth ride toward success for them both.

Let us help you reach the pinnacle of your team’s success!


Premier Staffing Inc.
111 Sutter Street, Suite 550
San Francisco, CA 94104
Phone: 415-362-2211
Fax: 415-362-3311
www.pstaffing.com

Contacts:
Matt Ruport
Jaimie Lynn Craig

Premier Staffing is a boutique contingency San Francisco Bay Area staffing agency with an expertise in placing Administrative, Finance, Human Resources, Marketing, Public Relations and Sales professionals with top organizations. Premier Staffing is a certified Woman Owned Business, recognized in the San Francisco Bay Area as a Top 100 Fastest Growing Private Companies and Top 100 Woman Owned Businesses.

From San Francisco to San Jose and everywhere in between, Premier Staffing has been placing Office Managers, Executive Assistants and Personal Assistants with finance firms since 1998. Premier Staffing fills direct hire, temporary and contract positions from entry to executive level. The Premier Staffing Administrative and Temporary Teams are an extension of the hiring departments for a diverse clientele including VC’s, PE’s, IB’s and many others. Premier Staffing prides itself on its vast candidate and client referral network, reputation for delivering Premier people with efficiency and urgency, and the proven ability to identify Premier jobs with Premier organizations for our candidates.

Treat yourself to the unique service and local expertise of Premier Staffing with your next job or candidate search!


Solutus Legal Search
203 Redwood Shores Parkway, Suite 150
Redwood City, CA 94065
Phone: 650-325-7578
Fax: 650-331-3196
www.solutuslegal.com

Additional Locations:
San Francisco, CA; Los Angeles, CA

Contacts:
Julie Q. Brush
Jon Escher

There are dozens of legal search firms. What makes Solutus unique is the delivery of truly strategic search management for corporate and law firm clients and effective career guidance for candidates. These are the comprehensive services that you should expect from a “full service” legal search firm and we are committed to their delivery.

To say that we are “dedicated exclusively to the placement of lawyers in law firms and corporations” understates the Solutus mission and our impeccable track record. Our overarching objective is to establish long term relationships with our clients and candidates. We deliver on this principle by providing the highest quality service throughout the search process, from candidate sourcing and prescreening through offer and acceptance. We place general counsel, and in-house lawyers across a wide spectrum of industries as well as law firm partners and associates. In each case, our commitment to finding a good fit for client and candidate alike drives every action.

Founding Partners, Wm. Jon Escher and Julie Q. Brush opened Solutus in January of 2000. Jon, an alumnus of Stanford University and the Hastings College of Law had previously worked as a Principal/Managing Partner in the Palo Alto office of a national legal search firm. Jon also practiced law for many years, both as an associate in a major Boston law firm and for six years as in-house counsel to Tyco International. A graduate of UCLA and Golden Gate University School of Law, Julie was selected as one of the Best and Brightest Business Leaders ("40 Under 40") by the Silicon Valley/San Jose Business Journal. Before opening Solutus, Julie was a principal in the Palo Alto office of a national legal search firm and practiced real estate law. She is a member of the Forum for Women Entrepreneurs & Executives.


TriNet
1100 San Gandro Blvd., Suite 300
San Leandro, CA 94517
Phone: 510-352-8000
Fax: 510-352-6480
www.trinet.com

Additional Offices:
Reno, NV; Irvine, CA; Los Angeles, CA; Dallas, TX; New York, NY; Waltham, MA; McLean, VA; Chicago, IL; Toronto, Ontario

Contacts:
Mike Triantos
Doug Bailey

Since 1988, thousands of equity financed companies throughout the United States and Canada have placed their trust in TriNet to help them manage their HR responsibilities more strategically and cost-effectively. Our mission is to bring order, simplicity, and ease-of-use to the complex HR functions to venture capital firms and their portfolio companies.

TriNet understands that our specialized customer base needs services and guidance that encompass more than just one HR function. We serve all of their HR needs by implementing and maintaining our Total HR services model: a powerful mix of experienced HR professionals, turn-key HR services, and industry-acclaimed HR technology.

Services:
We offload the burden of running payroll, administering benefits, managing workers compensation, and handling HR administration that runs that gamut from COBRA to HIPAA. The result? You free up valuable resources across your business so your workforce can execute business strategy, increase your competitive edge, and generate revenue.

HR Professionals:
TriNet's on-staff Service Team specializes in resolving HR issues unique to highly compensated employees. This means your company will benefit from the years of experience and valuable core competencies TriNet's HR management team members and Solution Center representatives have honed in thousands of companies similar to yours.

Technology:
TriNet offers the enterprise-level technology and online services you need to help employees and managers access information when they need it—even if you have a multi-state workforce. Your employees can be seamlessly connected and highly productive anytime, from anywhere.


INSURANCE BROKERS

TechAssure Association
100 Overlook Centre
Princeton, NJ 08540
Phone: 609-375-2201
Fax: 609-375-2688
www.techassure.com

Additional Locations:
New York; Pennsylvania; Virginia; Utah; Amsterdam, Netherlands; Montreal , Canada; Denver, CO; Massachussetts; Kent, United Kingdom; Illinois; Minnesota; Texas; Northern California ; North Carolina

Contacts:
William Harwood
Pam Mason

TechAssure is an international association of privately held, entrepreneurial insurance and risk consultants specializing in mitigating the risks faced by emerging growth companies and the venture capital firms that back them.

TechAssure Association was formed in 2001 as a non-profit association of independent technology insurance brokers committed to providing expertise to technology companies in finding the best insurance solutions.

TechAssure was built on three core objectives. The association seeks to find the best and brightest minds that write technology insurance business and to share their knowledge with others in the association. TechAssure members form strategic relationships with brokers, law firms and accounting firms. They also cultivate strong relationships with the leading insurance carriers.

TechAssure members are committed to providing uncompromising service and unbiased professional advice for their clients. Today, the association has grown its brokerage members with independently owned agencies serving the United States, Canada and the UK. TechAssure member agencies service more than 3,000 technology companies worldwide.

The National Venture Capital Association and TechAssure have partnered to provide NVCA members with VentureInsure, a suite of comprehensive insurance coverages and risk management services designed to protect venture capitalists and their portfolio company investments.

VentureInsure insurance coverages feature: state-of-the-art policy language that evolves with prevailing conditions in the market, best in class pricing, and the leverage provided by NVCA’s aggregated clout of its entire membership base and their portfolio companies. TechAssure’s strategic approach gets more from the insurance marketplace for NVCA members and their portfolios than any other insurance product.

The Chubb Corporation and Travelers have become partners with TechAssure by providing the best products and knowledgeable experts. The combined resources, relationships and experience of TechAssure's growing list of member agencies make it a powerful force in the insurance industry and is a premier provider of risk management solutions to the VC and global technology community.


INVESTMENT BANKS

Houlihan Lokey
One Samsome Street, Suite 1700
San Francisco, CA 94104
Phone: 415-974-5888
Fax: 415-974-5969
www.hl.com

Additional Locations:
Los Angeles, CA; New York, NY; Chicago, IL; Washington, DC; Minneapolis, MN; Dallas, TX; Atlanta, GA; London, England; Paris, France; Frankfurt, Germany; Hong Kong, China; Tokyo, Japan

Contacts:
Jennifer Muller
Oscar Aarts

Houlihan Lokey, an international investment bank, provides a wide range of services, including mergers and acquisitions, financing, financial opinions and advisory services, and financial restructuring. In 2006, Houlihan Lokey ranked as the No. 1 M&A advisor for U.S. transactions under $1 billion, according to Thomson Financial. The firm is the No. 1 M&A fairness opinion advisor and has one of the largest worldwide financial restructuring practices of any investment bank. Established in 1970, the firm has over 800 employees in 13 offices in the United States, Europe and Asia. We annually serve more than 1,000 clients ranging from closely held companies to Global 500 corporations. For more information, visit www.hl.com.

LIST OF SERVICES:

CORPORATE FINANCE
Mergers & Acquisitions
Sellside Transactions
Buyside Transactions
Leveraged Transactions
Fairness Opinions

Financing
Private Debt and Equity Placement
Management Buyouts and ESOP Financing
PIPE Financing
Special Situations Financing

FINANCIAL OPINIONS & ADVISORY SERVICES
Transaction Opinions & Advisory
Solvency Opinions
Valuation Opinions
Fairness Opinions

Financial Consulting
Portfolio Valuation
INSOURCE™ Corporate Development Services
Business Analytics & Transfer Pricing
Derivatives Valuation & Risk Management
Financial Expert Opinions
ERISA and ESOPs

Tax & Financial Reporting Valuation
Purchase Price Allocation
Goodwill Impairment
Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation
Transfer Pricing for Tax Purposes
Fresh Start Accounting
Hedge Funds

FINANCIAL RESTRUCTURING
Distressed Mergers & Acquisitions
Chapter 11: Planning Through Confirmation
Exchange Offers
Pre-Packaged and Pre-Negotiated Plans of Reorganization
Sovereign Advisory Services


LAW FIRMS

Andrews Kurth LLP
111 Congress Avenue, Suite 1700
Austin, TX 78701
Phone: 512-320-9200
Fax: 512-320-9292
www.andrewskurth.com

Additional Locations:
Beijing, China; Dallas, TX; Houston, TX; Los Angeles, CA; New York, NY; Washington, DC; The Woodlands, TX; London, England

Contacts:
Robert Jewell
Carmelo Gordian
David Washburn
David Concannon
Andy Tucker

Andrews Kurth has been one of Texas' leading providers of legal services to emerging growth companies for over 100 years. Our lawyers have extensive experience in providing legal services to emerging growth and technology companies throughout the US and in their interests abroad. We represent clients in the areas of semiconductors, telecommunications, computers and electronics, enterprise software, life sciences, biotechnology, alternative energy, e-commerce and consumer products. We represent and have extensive contacts with market leading investment banking and venture capital firms from coast-to-coast. Our attorneys develop business structures, help to secure financing, take companies public, advise on acquisition and strategic alliances, and help our clients protect intellectual property.

Our expertise includes companies in each of the following technology areas:

Semiconductors
Telecommunications
Computers and electronics
Enterprise Software
Biotechnology
Life Sciences
E-commerce

The team of lawyers who work with emerging companies include members with degrees in all applicable related disciplines (e.g., electrical, chemical and nuclear engineering) and many have relevant industry
experience. We have market leading contacts from coast-to-coast and direct our clients to funding sources including:

Angel investors and investment groups
Venture funds
Private equity funds
Venture or private equity divisions of investment banks, commercial banks and insurance companies

Through our eight offices located on two continents, Andrews Kurth's relationships with venture capital firms, investment banks, and private investors allow us to provide our clients with the insights and introductions necessary to secure the capital required for growth. Our clients look to us for introductions to the market leaders - from the East Coast to Texas to Silicon Valley.


Burns & Levinson LLP
125 Summer Street
Boston, MA 02110
Phone: 617-345-3000
Fax: 617-345-3299
www.burnslev.com

Additional Locations:
Providence, RI

Contacts:
Josef B. Volman
Samuel M. Shafner

Burns & Levinson LLP (www.burnslev.com) is an entrepreneurial, full-service Boston-based law firm with sophisticated practices representing a broad range of clients in their domestic and international operations. Our 120 attorneys are located in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. In addition, the firm has a wholly owned subsidiary in Montreal, Quebec to service its Canadian clients. Many of our lawyers are recognized leaders in their fields and in many cases have come from large national and international firms. The firm represents venture funds, private equity firms and other investors in all phases of raising and deploying capital, including structuring and organizing of funds, formulation of investment terms, due diligence (including IP, business and general legal due diligence), and completing portfolio investments. We have represented in-house venture funds of large corporations, as well as helping to organize and/or represent funds based in China, Japan, Israel, Brazil and Belgium. The firm provides full service corporate representation to operating companies, including start up, emerging growth and venture-backed companies, such as financings, intellectual property protection and enforcement, licensing, commercial contracts, M&A and public offerings. Our representation often includes business advice and strategic and financial introductions as appropriate.

The firm also has a large and well-recognized private clients group that services individuals in the areas of estate planning, probate and trust litigation, divorce and other family law issues. In addition, the firm has three wholly owned subsidiaries with services in cross-border business consulting and investment introductions, real estate management and counseling, and investment management.


Cooley Godward Kronish LLP
Five Palo Alto Square, 3000 El Camino Real
Palo Alto, CA 94306
Phone: 650-843-5000
Fax: 650-849-7400
www.cooley.com

Additional Locations:
Broomfield, CO; Reston, VA; San Francisco, CA; San Diego, CA; Washington, DC; New York, NY; Boston, MA

Contacts:
Craig E. Dauchy
Mark P. Tanoury

Cooley Godward Kronish's Venture Capital Group provides sophisticated counsel to venture capital and other private equity firms with an emphasis on issues related to fundraising, governance and investment activities. In 1959, Cooley Godward formed Draper, Gaither and Anderson, the first institutional investment partnership organized on the West Coast. Since then, the scope of our practice has expanded nationally, and we have participated in the organization of hundreds of venture capital and private equity partnerships.

Cooley Godward Kronish's areas of practice include, but are not limited to, venture capital fund formation, portfolio company financings, LBO fund formation, leveraged acquisitions, corporate venture capital, SBICs, fund-of-funds governance, offshore investment partnerships, secondary market transfers of partnership interests and general partner counseling. We serve as primary fund counsel to over 200 investment fund organizations, and in recent years have closed an average of 50 new private equity funds annually for these clients.

Cooley Godward Kronish's extensive involvement in this marketplace uniquely positions us to offer our clients a creative and strategic perspective on the complex process of fund formation. In addition, we remain engaged with our private equity client beyond formation and throughout the life of the fund, supporting our client as it pursues portfolio company investments. Cooley Godward Kronish helps close over 400 private equity transactions each year.

Cooley Godward Kronish's professionals possess technical expertise and specialized training in the areas critical to venture capital and private equity fund management. Comprehensive biographical information on the members of the group is available from the firm or on our Web site, www.cooley.com.


Covington & Burling LLP
One Front Street
San Francisco, CA 94111
Phone: 415-591-6000
Fax: 415-591-6091
www.cov.com

Additional Locations:
New York, NY; Washington, DC; London, England; Brussels, Belgium

Contacts:
Ellen B. Corenswet
Bruce R. Deming

Covington lawyers have extensive experience representing venture capital funds, corporate venture groups and emerging companies in venture capital financings in a broad range of industries, including life sciences, media and communications, software, clean technology, Internet services, financial services and telecommunications. Our venture capital practice handles transactions throughout the United States, as well as cross-border transactions, particularly between the US and the UK/Europe.

Our venture capital practice is distinguished by the specialty practices for which Covington is reknown. In addition to supporting our clients in traditional areas such as intellectual property and executive compensation, Covington’s industry and regulatory attorneys provide our venture capital fund clients with deep knowledge and insights into regulatory and industry trends in a number of industries. Our life sciences practice, for example, is recognized in the US and Europe as both the leading regulatory and industry-wide practice. Our clean technology/carbon markets industry group is at the forefront of cutting edge transactions and policy developments.

Covington takes a cost-effective approach to venture capital transactions, with attention to a client’s business objectives as well as important details. Covington partners are actively involved in each transaction. We understand the issues of diligence, structuring, economics and governance in all types of transactions, including seed financings, later venture rounds involving multiple groups of existing and new investors, down rounds, pre-IPO rounds of financing, IPOs and PIPEs.

With over 650 attorneys firmwide, Covington is a leading international law firm that represents a broad range of clients in important technology, transactional, litigation, white-collar defense, regulatory and governmental affairs, international and other matters. Our corporate practice covers venture capital, corporate and securities, corporate governance, mergers and acquisitions, finance, private equity, collaborations and licenses, and bankruptcy. Our clients range from large, multinational corporations to venture-backed companies, senior management teams to boards of directors, and include venture funds, private equity firms and hedge funds.


DLA Piper US LLP
33 Arch Street
Boston, MA 02110
Phone: 617-406-6000
Fax: 617-406-6100
www.dlapiper.com

Additional Locations:
Atlanta, GA; Austin, TX; Baltimore, MD; Boston, MA; Chicago, IL; Dallas, TX; Easton, MD; Edison, NJ; La Jolla, CA; Las Vegas, NV; Los Angeles, CA; Minneapolis, MN; New York, NY; Reston, VA; Philadelphia, PA; Raleigh, NC; Sacramento, CA; San Diego, CA; San Francisco, CA; Seattle, WA; East Palo Alto, CA; Tampa, FL; Washington, DC

Contacts:
Jim Koshland
Howard Rosenblum

DLA Piper is a global legal services organization with more than 3,400 lawyers in 25 countries and 64 offices throughout the United States, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. Our practices span corporate, intellectual property, regulatory, labor, tax, real estate, litigation, government affairs, and international matters.

Our Emerging Growth and Venture Capital group works with emerging company clients from infancy to maturity, helping them form business entities, accept investment capital, explore and test avenues for growth, and manage their changing needs as they become more sophisticated. We help to evaluate and prepare expansion strategies, including partnerships and alliances, mergers and acquisitions, and public equity investment.

We are experienced in technology licensing, patents, trademarks, and service marks; strategic joint ventures; product launch and distribution; environmental compliance; product development and marketing; and FDA approval and compliance. Our lawyers handle tax, regulatory affairs, real estate, and employment matters for emerging company clients. We counsel companies and investors through IPOs and liquidity events.

We also represent key venture capital firms in fund formation and operations, and in VC financings and liquidity transactions, including mergers, acquisitions, and public offerings. Accordingly, we have strong relationships in the venture capital community, including with significant fund managers, institutional investors, advisers and placements agents, experienced executives, and entrepreneurs.

Our Venture Pipeline (www.venturepipeline.com) focuses on enhancing the funding prospects of early-stage companies while simultaneously strengthening our relationships with venture funds. We provide dealflow to VCs and connect selected startups with targeted funding sources.


Edwards Angell Palmer & Dodge LLP
111 Huntington Avenue
Boston, MA 02199
Phone: 617-239-0100
Fax: 617-227-4420
www.eapdlaw.com

Additional Locations:
Ft. Lauderdale, FL; Hartford, CT; New York, NY; Providence, RI; Madison, NJ; Stamford, CT; West Palm Beach, FL; Wilmington, DE; and London, England.

Contacts:
James T. Barrett
Richard G. Small

Edwards Angell Palmer & Dodge LLP is an AmLaw 100 firm with over 500 lawyers in 10 cities. We are known for our work in Private Equity and Venture Capital, with over 75 lawyers practicing principally in this area. Our areas of particular depth include Life Sciences, Communications and Middle Market Buyouts. In the past year, we closed over 200 deals, making us one of the leading Private Equity and Venture Capital law firms in the U.S. according to The Private Equity Analyst.

Our firm has extensive experience in venture capital expansion and start-up financings as well as leveraged acquisitions. Lawyers resident in our Boston, Fort Lauderdale, New York, Providence, Stamford, West Palm Beach and Wilmington offices are active in structuring and negotiating sophisticated transactions involving multi-level capital structures and sequential early stage financings.

We have represented every type of financial stakeholder, including venture capital and other equity investors (non-U.S. and domestic), management and founders, strategic and collaboration partners, portfolio companies, public companies, mezzanine lenders, banks and other senior lenders. The diverse roles we assume in counseling such various interests give us a comprehensive understanding of each party’s priorities and agenda, which both translates into a valuable advantage at the negotiating stage and provides us with the experience to lead and guide deals to closing.

Edwards Angell Palmer & Dodge has an established, seasoned practice with an extensive foundation of experience in intellectual property and patent law as well as licensing and collaboration matter. We use this experience to provide our portfolio company and fund clients with the expertise and knowledge necessary to protect and commercialize their intellectual property, while providing each client and mattter, regardless of how large or small, with personalized and responsive